Control head



June 9, 1942.

A. OBERHOFFKEN CONTROL HEAD 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 18, 1939INVENTOR. ALEXANDER OBERHOFFKEN June 9, 1942. A. OBERHOFFKEN CONTROLHEAD Filed Sept. 18, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ALEXANDER OBERHOFFKEN I. Zi2

Patented June 9, 1942 CONTROL HEAD Alexander Oberhoffken,

Oakland County, Mich., assignor to American Forging and Socket Company,Pontiac, Mich., a

corporation of Michigan Southfield Township,

Application September 18, 1939, Serial No. 295,534

12 Claims.

This invention relates to operating mechanisms for manual control ofremotely located apparatus. While disclosed in connection with theoperation of vehicle brakes, it will be recognized that the invention'isequally applicable to many other uses.

A primary object of the invention is to provide an improved andsimplified actuating assembly for brake mechanisms and the like, soconstructed that greatly increased actuating power may be imparted tothe brakes or other controlled mechnaism by means of a handle or thelike which, despite the increased operating force available, travelsthrough a much shorter distance than the operating handles or levers ofdevices now used for the same purpose. A related object is to obtainsuch desirable short travel of the actuating handle by means whichautomatically varies the ratio or mechanical advantage between thehandle and the load in accordance with the resistance of the load. Withmy improved operating means a high ratio is provided during the initialmovement, which is required to take up any slack in the mechanism, andsuch slack is therefore taken up very quickly with but short travel ofthe operating handle, while when the resistance increases, as forexample, when the brake shoes are actually being forced against thedrums, the ratio is automatically changed so that further movement ofthe handle applies much more power to the shoes, yet no specialmanipulation on the part of the operator is required to effect suchchange of ratio, which occurs automatically during a simple continuouspush or pull upon the operating handle.

A further object is to provide such operating .means which is of verysimple and inexpensive character, and to incorporate therein combinedgearing and locking mechanism so arranged that the locking mechanismnormally holds the handle against movement, yet is releasableautomatically by movement of the operating handle in either direction.Such movement also acts to change the operating ratio, as previouslystated.

An additional object is to provide such mechanism which is adapted to beformed entirely of sheet metal, and to be enclosed in a compact tubularhousing, as well as to be operable by a straight push or pull upon theoperating handle.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawingsillustrating preferred embodiments of my invening a handle I5.

tion and wherein similar reference numerals designate similar partsthroughout the several views.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section, part- 1y broken away, ofoperating mechanism constructed in accordance with the presentinvention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken substantially on the line 22 ofFigure 1, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figures 3 and 4 are vertical sections taken substantially on the lines3-3 and 4-4, respectively, of Figure l, and looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detailed section of the engaging parts of thegear means, taken on the same plane as Figure 1 and showing the parts ona larger scale.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a somewhat modifiedconstruction.

Figure '7 is a plan View thereof.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are sectional details taken substantially on thelines 88, 99, and Ill-Ill respectively, of Figure 6, and looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Referring now to the drawings, reference character l0 designates atubular sheet metal casing, of rectangular cross section, adapted to bemounted, as by means of the bracket [2, upon the rear of the supportingpanel [4, which, in

the illustrative construction shown may be the instrument panel of amotorcar. A rod [6 extends into the casing I0 and slidably projectsthrough and from the instrument panel, carry- Slidable in the casing I0is a hollow sheet metal cage, 20, which supports the gear cluster 22,23, journaled therein upon the cross pin 24. Also supported in the cageis a locking dog or pawl 25 bearing upwardly against and partly trappedbetween abutment pinsZfi-Zl, also fast in the side walls of the cage.The dog is movable downwardly away from the pins, but normallymaintained in engagement therewith by a leaf spring 30, hooked orotherwise held in the cage directly therebeneath. The ends of the dogwhich engage the pins 262'| will be seen to be rounded, to permit thedog to rock upon either one of the pins while its opposite end swingsdownwardly away from the other pin. The operating rod 16 is pivoted tothe dog 25, as by means of pin 33, at a point below the pins 26-2l, andthe aperture I! in the panel I4 through which the rod projects is largeenough upon the handle tends to swing the pawl in the 5 oppositedirection, and force the nearer end thereof downwardly away from thepin'26. The spring 30 is strong enough to prevent such rocking of thepawl unless considerable resistance opposes movement of the handle.Unless such resistance is encountered, the pawl remains engaged with thepins, and the eiiort exertedupon the handle simply slides cage incasing; Hi.

When the pawl is in its normahraised position, it serves to locktogether a' pair of" rack 15.

assemblies 35-36. Rack assembly 35 is formed in two sections whichextend. on either side of the centrally disposed rack 36. The rackassemblies are slidable with relation to each other.

in. the cage 20 and. casing. ll], their teeth extend- 20 ing downwardlyto mesh with the; teeth of the gear portions 22, 23. A transverse tooth34'carried by the dog normally projects. into aligned teeth of the tworack assemblies, to hold the latteragainst.relativemovement. Thetwoouter 5 rack portions 35, projectfrom the farther end of the casingIO Where they are welded or otherwise secured together and provided withan opening, as 31', to, which may be attached a cable or other operatingmeans (not shown) fortrans- 3'0 mitting to thebrakes. or other mechanismto. be controlled the. motion. imparted to the: handle. The. teeth of.rack sections 35will' be seentoxproject downwardly farther than those ofrack section 36,. rack sections 35 being proportioned to 35* mesh withthe. smaller gear sections 22 of the cluster gear, while rack section36. is proportioned to mesh with the larger gear'section 23. The gearsections 22-23 are formed separately but site end of the dog movingawayfrom the pin 21 and the spring being compressed; the racks are thenreleased and the gear cluster is free to roll, the backward pull of theload accordingly locks the rollers 38, 39 and these, through the gearcluster, prevent the rack from being pulled back by the load. Since thegear portions 22, 23 are of different diameters, and they are journaledin the cage, continued pull upon the handle, tending to pull the cage inthe same direction, causes the gear cluster to roll along the racks. Thereaction is taken by the rack 36 and clutch rollers. 38, 39, and due tothe different' tooth spacing and diameter of the gear sections, racksections 35 are forced to move in the same direction as the handle, at agreatly reduced speed and. with greatly multiplied force. This movementis of course effective to set the brake or other mechanism with greatpower, although such multiplied power is only made available whenneeded, that is, to actually set the brakes or mechanism, and the totaltravel of the handle is considerably less than is required whenconventional levers or the like are used, since the multiplying actiondoes not obtain throughout the entire travel of the handle, as it doeswith such conventional levers.

When the brakes have been fully set, they are held by the rollars 38,39-, and the dog 25 is free to rise, and is urged-into the space betweenany rack teeth which may be aligned therewith. If none are so aligned,and the dog tooth cannot engage between any of the rack teeth, this willbe seen to be of noconsequence.

When it is desired to release the brakes, a push upon the handle rocksthe dog in the opposite direction, swinging its nearer end downwardlyaway from pin 26. The cage is then free to travel to the right, asviewed in Figure 1.

welded or otherwise secured together to turn The first rolling movementof the gear tends to as a unit.

Tapering top and bottom edges 42, 4.3 are pro- Vid'ed at-the rear ofrack section 36, adjacent the top and bottom walls of the casing l0.Rollers free the brakes'or other controlled mechanism, while when thecage moves far enough so that its rearedges engage the rollers 38, 39,these rollers are thereby pushed away from the wedging 38, 39' areengaged with the inclined surfaces 42, surfaces 42 453; and the entirecage and rack 43,. respectively, and also normally held in wedging.engagement with the interior of the casing, by means of aspring. 40. Thearrangement of these rollers. willbe seen. to be such. as topreventassembly is thus free to slide all the way to the right.

In the somewhat modified construction shown in Figures 6 to 10inclusive, parts similar to those movement ofthe. rack 33 to. the right,as Viewed '50: already described have been given corresponding in Figure1, while allow-ing. free movement of the rack to the left.. Clearance isprovided between the other rack sections 35 and the rollers, whoseaction isthusv not. interfered with by the rack sections 35, althoughthe rollers extend. the full '55, the controlled apparatus, by means ofthe openwidth of the-interior of the casing, and are slidable therein.

The operation of. the described apparatus is as follows: Assume that it.is. desired to apply the brakes or other mechanism,. which is effectedby pulling upon the handle. I-fthere is clearance or slack tobe takenup, or the resistance of. the load isfor any other reason slight at thebeginning, the spring 30 is. of sufficient strength to Which. are. thussimply pulled as a unit by the handle during the initial movement, thecage 23 traveling. with theracks, and the clutch rollers.

38, 3,9 sliding along the interior of the casing It... When theresistance of the. load increases 70 sufficiently, howevenas, forexample, when all off the clearance in the brake rigging has been taken.up, and the shoes are beginning tov press against the drums, continuedpull'upon the handle rocks the dog'25 about the pin 26, the ippo- Treference numerals, distinguished by the addition of the letter A toeach. The central rack portion 35A will be seen to constitute, in thisembodiment, the rack adapted to be secured to ing 31A formed in itsrearwardly projecting extremity. The outer rack portions 36A do notproject downwardly as far, and mesh with the larger gear portions 23A ofthe gear assembly, whose central portion designated 22A is in thisembodiment the smaller.

The dog 25A is similarly operable by means of the rod [6A carryingthehandle I 5A. The rod in p this embodiment is formed of tubular sheetmetal maintainthe dog in. engagement withboth racks,

and has spaced arms at its farther end embracing opposite sides of thedog, beneath which a pair of coiled'springs 30A are. trapped, onebeneath each end' and bearing upwardly'thereagainst to maintain' suchends normally in engagement with pins 26A2.1A. The springs arepositioned by upturned-earsv 45, and clutch pins 38A, 39A held by springmeans 40A against. the tapered wedging surfaces at the rear end of rackassembly 36A. The operation of these and of the other parts of thisembodiment, being similar to those already described, are believed toneed no detailed redescription. By spacing the rack sections 36A whichtake the reaction forces in this manner, it will be seen that therollers 38A, 39A are very positively maintained in transverse alignedrelation.

I am aware that the invention may be embodied in other specific formswithout departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and Itherefore desire the present embodiments to be considered in allrespects as illustrative and not restrictive; reference being had to theappended claims rather than to the foregoing description to indicate thescope of the invention.

I claim:

1. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,said support being of tubular form, a rack slidable therein, one-wayhold means reacting upon said rack and support to oppose movement of therack in one direction while permitting such movement in the otherdirection, another rack connected to the load and movable independentlyof the first mentioned rack, gearing journaled in the carrier andinterconnecting said racks to constitute said power multiplying means,said lock-out means normally holding said racks and carrier together forunitary movement, the handle being connected to the look-out means, saidlock-out means also being supported by and movable both with andindependently of the carrier, spring means opposing independent movementof said lock-out means and normally maintaining the same in holdingposition with sufiicient force to enable movement of the carrier byeffort applied to the lock-out means without moving the look-out meanswith relation to said carrier, said lock-out means being movable toreleased position upon application of suflicient power thereto throughthe handle when the resistance of the load is sufiicient to allow suchforce to overcome the spring means, portions being arranged to limitmovement of the lock-out means with relation to the carrier, wherebywhen the holding means is released the carrier is movable by the handleto actuate said gearing and move one rack with relation. to the otherand to said support at a different driving ratio.

2. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connectible to saidcarrier to move the same, a gear journaled in said carrier, a rack alongwhich said gear is rollable, said rack also being movable with relationto the support, one-way holding means normally opposing movement of saidrack in one direction, load-actuating means connected to and actuable bysaid gear and connectible to a load, to actuate the latter in responseto movement of said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to andfrom a locked position in which it prevents relative movement betweenthe load actuating means and carrier and so prevents relative movement,said carrier being movable by the handle with said dogging means eitherin locked or released position, whereby the load may be moved directlyby the handle and at the same rate as the carrier, when said doggingmeans is locked, or the load may be moved in one direction at adifferent relative speed when said dogging is released, through saidgear, rack and load-actuating means.

3. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connectible to saidcarrier to move the same, a gear journaled in said carrier, a rack alongwhich said gear is rollable, said rack also being movable with relationto the support, one-way holding means normally opposing movement of saidrack in one direction, load-actuating means connected to and actuable bysaid gear and connectible to a load, to actuate the latter in responseto movement of said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to andfrom a locked position in which it prevents relative movement betweenthe load actuating means and carrier and so prevents relative movementbetween the gear, rack and carrier, said carrier being movable by thehandle while said dogging means is in either locked or releasedposition, whereby the load may be moved directly by the handle and atthe same rate as the carrier, when said dogging means is locked, or theload may be moved in one direction at a different relative speed whensaid dogging means is released, the latter movement being effectedthrough said gear, rack and load actuating means, including meansyieldably opposing release of said dogging means, said handle beingconnected to said dogging means and the dogging means being releasableagainst the opposition of said spring means by exertion of sufficientpressure in either direction thereupon through said handle, movement ofthe carrier by the handle tending to rotate said gear when the doggingmeans is released, and exertion of sufficient pressure to release thedogging means depending upon the reaction resulting from the resistanceof the load.

4. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connectible to saidcarrier to move the same, a gear journaled in said carrier, a rack alongwhich said gear is rollable, said rack also being movable with relationto the support, one-way holding means normally opposing movement of saidrack in one direction, load-actuating means connected to and actuable bysaid gear and connectible to a load, to actuate the latter in responseto movement of said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to andfrom a locked position in which it prevents relative movement betweenthe load actuating means and carrier and so prevents relative move mentbetween the gear, rack and carrier, said carrier being movable by thehandle while said dogging means is in either locked or releasedposition, whereby the load may be moved directly by the handle and atthe same rate as the carrier, when said dogging means is locked, or theload may be moved in one direction at a different relative speed whensaid dogging means is released, the latter movement being effectedthrough said gear, rack and load actuating means, said support being ofsubstantially rectilinear internally open form and said carriercomprises a cage slidablestherein,saidrack extending movably throughsaid support and cage, said one-way holding means including. ananti-back element normally reacting against saidrack and support, saidholding means being engageable and releasable by said carrier when thelatter is moved in one direction by the handle, tothereby permit freetravel of the rack and allow free movement of the load-actuating meansand the load connected thereto.

5. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocablerelatively to said support and. connectible to saidcarrier to move the-same, a gear journaled in said carrier, a rack alongwhich said gear is rollable, said rack also being movable with relationto the support, one-way holding means normally opposing movement of saidrack in one direction, load-actuating means connected to and actuable bysaid gear and connectible to a load, to actuate the latter in responseto movement of said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to andfrom a locked position in which it prevents relative movement betweenthe load actuating means and carrier and so prevents relative movementbetween the gear, rack and carrier, said carrier being movable by thehandle while said dogging means is in either locked or releasedposition, whereby the load may be moved directly by the handle and atthe same rate as the carrier, when said dogging means is locked, or theload maybe moved in one direction at a different relative speed whensaid dogging means. is released, the latter movement being effectedthrough said gear, rack and load actuating means, said support being ofelongated and interiorly open construction and said carrier is slidabletherein, said rack extending through said carrier and having one endprojecting therefrom, said one-way holdmeans including an anti-backingelement reacting against said end of the rack and against the support,an additional gear of diiferent dimensions actuable'by said first gearand rotatable as a unit therewith, said. load-actuating means comprisinganother rack meshing. with said last mentioned gear, said dogging meanswhen locked forcing both racks to move as a unit with the carrier,

6. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support,

a carrier movably supported thereby, a handle reciprocable relatively tosaid support and connectibleto said carrier to move the same, a gearjournaled in said carrier, a rack along which said gear is rollable,said rack also being movable with relation to the support, one-Wayholding means normally opposing movement-of said rack in. one

7 direction,load-actuating means connected to and actuable-by said gearand connectible to a load, to actuate the latter in response to movementof said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to and from a lockedpositioniin which it prevents relative movement between the loadactuating means and carrier and so prevents relative movement betweenthe gear, rack and carrier, said carrier being movable by the handlewhile said doggingmeansisin either locked or released position, wherebythe load may be moved directly by the handle and at the same rate as thecarrier, when said dogging means is locked, or the load may be moved inone direction at a different relative speed when said dogging means isreleased, the latter movement being effected through said 'gear, rackand load actuating means, said support being: of elongated andinteriorly open construction and saidcarrier is slidable therein, saidrack extending' through said carrier and having one end projectingtherefrom, said one-way holding means including an anti-backing elementreacting against the rack and against the support, an additional gear ofdiiferent dimensions actuable by said first gear and rotatable as a unittherewith, said load-actuating means comprising another rack meshingwith said last mentioned gear, said dogging means when locked forcingboth racks to move as a unit with the carrier, said dogging means beingreleasable by exertion of sufficient force thereupon by the handle ineither direction, and the force exertable upon the dogging means in onedirection depending upon the resistance of the load.

'7. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connectible to saidcarrier to move the same, a gear journaled in said carrier, a rack alongwhich said gear is rollable, said rack also being movable with relationto the support, one-way holding means normally opposing movement of saidrack in one direction, load-actuating means connected to and actuable bysaid gear and connectible to' a load, to actuate the latter in responseto movement of said gear, dogging means actuable by said handle to andfrom a locked position in which it prevents relative movement betweenthe load actuating means and carrier and so prevents relative movementbetween the gear, rack and carrier, said carrier being movable by thehandle while said dogging means is in either locked or releasedposition, whereby the load may be moved directly by the handle and atthe samev rate as the carrier, when said dogging means is locked, or theload may be moved in one direction at a different relative speed whensaid dogging means is released, the latter movement being eiTectedthrough said gear, rack and load actuating means, said support being ofelongated and interiorly open construction and said carrier is slidabletherein, said rack extending through said carrier and having one endprojecting therefrom, said one-way holding means including ananti-backing element reacting against the rack and against the support,an additional gear of different dimensions actuable by said first gearand rotatable as a unit therewith, said load-actuating means comprising.another rack meshing with said last'mentioned gear, said dogging meanswhen locked forcing both racks to move as a unit with the carrier, saiddogging means being releasable by exertion of sufficient force thereuponby the handle in either direction, and said one-way holding means beingengageable and releasable by said carrier.

8. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,holding means normally preventing retrogradev movement of the load, atleast a part of said lock-out means being incorporated in and alsoforming a part of said holding means.

9. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,holding means normally preventing unwanted retrograde movement of theload, at least a part of said lock-out means including a one-way clutchelement also forming a part of said holding means, said carrier beingmovable with relation to the load when said lockout means is released,and means actuable by movement of the carrier with relation to the loadfor releasing said one-way clutch element.

10. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,said carrier is movable with relation to the load to operate said powermultiplying means, said power multiplying means comprising a pair ofracks, one connected to and movable with the load and the second movableindependently of the load and the carrier, gear means carried by thecarrier and meshing with both of and providing interconnection betweensaid racks, said gear means and said two racks having differentiationtooth arrangements whereby movement of the gear means with relation toboth racks tends to advance one rack with relation to the other, andreaction means preventing unwanted movement of the second mentionedrack.

11. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,said carrier is movable in the support with relation to the load, saidpower multiplying means comprising a pair of racks,

movable in the support substantially parallel to the carrier. oneconnected to and movable with the load and the second movableindependently of the load and carrier, gear means carried by the carrierand meshing with both racks to provide geared connection therebetween, agear portion meshing with one rack being of different diameter from agear portion meshing with the other rack, whereby movement of thecarrier with relation to both racks tends to advance one rack withrelation to the other, said lock-out means comprising a holding elementnormally held against movement with relation to the carrier and held inbut movable from a position in which it holds both racks againstmovement with relation to the carrier, said handle being connected tosaid holding element and movable independently of the carrier, torelease said holding element and thereby to permit independent movementof said racks, said means responsive to changing resistance of the loadcomprising spring means yieldably opposing independent movement of saidhandle and holding element, and means normally opposing movement of saidsecond mentioned rack in one direction.

12. Operating means for remotely located apparatus, comprising incombination with a support, a carrier movably supported thereby, ahandle reciprocable relatively to said support and connected to saidcarrier to move the same, means including power multiplying means forconnecting said carrier to a load, lock-out means normally preventingsaid power multiplying means from functioning and connecting saidcarrier and load at a different ratio, means responsive to changes inreactive forces resulting from load variations operative to release saidlock-out means and thereby render said power multiplying meansoperative, to change the driving ratio between the handle and the load,said carrier is movable in the support with relation to the load, saidpower multiplying means comprising a pair of racks, movable in thesupport substantially parallel to the carrier, one connected to andmovable with the load and the second movable independently of the loadand carrier, gear means carried by the carrier and meshing with bothracks to provide geared connection therebetween, the gear portionmeshing with one rack being of different diameter from the gear portionmeshing with the other rack, whereby movement of the carrier withrelation to both racks tends to advance one rack with relation to theother, said lock-out means comprising a holding element normally heldagainst movement with relation to the carrier and held in but movablefrom a position in which it holds both racks against movement withrelation to the carrier, said handle being connected to said holdingelement and movable independently of the carrier to release said holdingelement and thereby to permit independent movement of said racks, saidmeans responsive to changing resistance of the load comprising springmeans yieldably opposing independent movement of said handle and holdingelement, one way restraining means normally opposing movement of saidsecond mentioned rack in one direction, and means responsive topredetermined movement of said carrier with relation to said secondmentioned rack to release said one way restraining means.

ALEXANDER OBERHOFFKEN.

